The giant deinotherium of Crete

The giant deinotherium of Crete

An almost intact 8 to 9 million year-old skeleton of a deinotherium, one of the largest so far found worldwide was brought to light in 2002 at Agia Photia in Siteia, Crete.

Its name comes from the Greek words denos, meaning terrible and therio meaning wild beast. The Deinotherium was a proboscidean, which exceeded 4m in height, though with a trunk much shorter than that of the modern elephant. Its tusks protruded from its lower jaw and were turned downwards. It was a forest-dwelling, herbivorous creature that fed mainly on foliage. At the time the animal was alive, many of the land bridges between Crete and the mainland had been cut off, with the exception of the strip of land linking linking it to the Peloponnese.

Deinotheria have been found at no less than eleven other sites in Greece. The ancestral form of this peculiar animal -the Prodeinotherium- appeared on African soil 24 million years ago, from which point on, it never ceased to grow. The Prodeinotherium crossed over from the middle East to Europe 18 million years ago. It doubled in size over the 13 million years its wanderings in the forests of Europe lasted, surpassing the height of 4 meters. It then disappeared from Europe 5 million years ago.

Photo: Deinotherium giganteum mandible, found on Crete with an average height man for scale

Source: Natural history museum of Crete

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